دیکشنری تخصصی مهندسی نفت - نسخه آنلاین

n: a device that measures the saturation, or the amount, of each fluid in a core sample by distilling the fluid from the core with heat at pressure below atmospheric. The vacuum retort is used to measure saturation on whole core samples.

n: an effect that causes emulsions and colloids to separate;it is particularly prevalent in emulsions and colloids that contain a large number of highvalence ions. See also valence.

n: a device used to control the rate of flow in a line to open or shut off a line completely, or to serve as an automatic or semi-automatic safety device. Those used extensively include the check valve, gate valve, globe valve, needle valve, plug valve, and pressure relief valve.

any of several valves: plug, gate, butterfly, needle, etc., used in oil field operations.

n: in a two-diaphragm, fourchamber diaphragm displacement meter, the linkage that uses the motion from the crank to slide D-shaped valves over the three ported seats to fill and empty the four measurement chambers alternately.

n: a tray installed in an absorber tower or fractionating column, similar to a bubble-cap tray except that the passageways permitting gas flow upward through the tray possess valves that reduce the size of the passages when the flow rate is reduced. Valve trays are more common than bubble-cap trays, because they are more efficient and less expensive.

n: losses that occur to hydrocarbon liquids as the lighter components vaporize and leave the liquid.

n: the pressure exerted by the vapor of a substance when the substance and its vapor are in equilibrium. Equilibrium is established when the rate of evaporation of a substance is equal to the rate of condensation of its vapor.

the pressure exerted by the gas phase (vaporized liquid) in equilibrium with the system conditions.

n: a system or method by which vapors are retained and conserved.

n: (VRU) 1. in petroleum refining, a process unit consisting of a scrubber and a compressor. It is designed to recover petroleum from hydrocarbon vapors and safely to handle toxic gases produced from some wells. 2. in production operations, equipment designed to recover light ends that are released from oil in a stock or other tank.

a device that removes mists and vapors from gas in a tank or enclosure.